刚发现一段能用在GRE作文里的话

下面是美国大使关于刘晓波向中国政府进行的抗议
PRESS RELEASE 2010

Statement by Jon M. Huntsman, Jr.

U.S. Ambassador to the PRC

On Appeal by Chinese Human Rights Activist Liu Xiaobo

We are disappointed by the Chinese Government's decision to uphold Liu Xiaobo's sentence of 11 years in prison on the charge of "inciting subversion of state power.”  We believe that he should not have been sentenced in the first place and should be released immediately.
We have raised our concerns about Mr. Liu’s detention repeatedly and at high levels, both in Beijing and in Washington, since he was taken into custody over a year ago.  Mr. Liu has peacefully worked for the establishment of political openness and accountability in China.  Persecution of individuals for the peaceful expression of political views is inconsistent with internationally-recognized norms of human rights.
We continue to call on the Government of China to release him immediately and to respect the right of all citizens to peacefully express their political views and exercise internationally-recognized freedoms.

其中,以下三句话用在GRE作文中似乎不错
1. worked for the establishment of political openness and accountability in China.
2. Persecution of individuals for the peaceful expression of political views is inconsistent with internationally-recognized norms of human rights.
3. to respect the right of all citizens to peacefully express their political views and exercise internationally-recognized freedoms.

1984英文书摘

1.BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU
2.WAR IS PEACE
  FREEDOM IS SLAVERY
  IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH
3.If there was hope, it MUST lie in the proles, because only there in those
swarming disregarded masses, 85 per cent of the population of Oceania,
could the force to destroy the Party ever be generated.

罗斯福新政的另一面(zt)

　　“一个好的经济学家和坏的经济学家区别在于，后者只看经济政策的局部效果和直接效果，而前者则计算它的整 体和长远效果”。今天当我们面临经济危机回顾罗斯福新政时，尤其当金融危机已经大大强化了管制思维和左翼思潮时，也许应该重温这句话据说这次金融危机是大 萧条以来最严重的，既然是“大萧条以来”最严重的，在寻求解决方案时，人们自然会想到历史的智慧：大萧条，那个“更大的危机”，是如何得以解决的呢？
　　那还用问？罗斯福新政呗。这是美国的历史课本告诉美国的中小学生的，也是中国的历史课本告诉中国的中小学生的。有一类知 识，它的传承是如此制度化长期化，以至于变成了神话，标志就是人们不再追问为什么：我这么想，是因为我老师告诉我这么想；我老师这么想，是因为他老师告诉 他这么想。

　　但这个社会上总有一小撮长有反骨的人，凡事打个问号。在罗斯福新政问题上，就不乏这样的“修正主义者”。
比如一个叫Jim Powell的人，写了一本《罗斯福的过失：罗斯福和他的新政如何延长了大萧条》，从书名就可以看出其内容的“反动”，经济学诺奖获得者弗里德曼和布坎南 都曾盛赞该书。又比如罗斯福时代的经济专栏作家Henry Hazlitt一生坚持批评新政，其要旨被总结在《经济学一课》一书中，该书从1950年代畅销至今。历史学家John Flynn的《罗斯福迷思》则描述了罗斯福本人限制自由、破坏宪政的一面，旨在“把罗斯福还原成一个正常人”。另一个历史学家RobertHiggs在 《危机和利维坦》一书中，同样表达了对罗斯福政府大肆扩张、限制经济自由的不满。

　　这些不和谐的声音经久不绝，一个重要原因就是“罗斯福新政战胜大萧条”的说法的确有漏洞。大萧条的一个重 要标志是高失业率，但是罗斯福新政在这方面却收效甚微，1931年美国失业率是15.9%(大萧条之前是3%左右)，到1939年仍停留在17.2%。大 萧条的另一个重要标志是私人投资率的萎缩，而新政时期私人投资的恢复也很有限：1929年私人投资占GDP的16%，到1941年也就恢复到14%。就人
均GDP来说，1939年美国的人均GDP仍低于1929年。

　　Jim Powell等人之所以指责新政延长了萧条，是因其一系列“反市场、反私人投资”的政策。比如税收，1929年美国最高税率是24%，1935年则提高到 79%。众所周知，高收入阶层是私人投资的核心来源，当你收入的四分之三会被政府收走时，整个社会的低投资率也就不难解释了。事实上1938出现了一次经 济缓慢恢复中的回冷，史称“罗斯福萧条”，可说是投资阶层对1935-1937年税改的回答。

　　又如新政中标志性的“工作项目管理局”，虽提供了大量的政府就业(据称创造了500万个就业机会)，但钱 终究来自税收，本可用于私人投资，甚至可能创造更多的就业。新政中的劳工保护法案也不是没有争议，有组织的工会权力增强之后，工人工资大大提高——这貌似 是件好事，但雇主却通过减少雇佣的方式“用脚投票”，结果失业率居高不下。

　　以此类推，新政中的贸易保护主义政策、价格管制政策、银行拆分政策等等都遭到修正主义者的质疑。他们认 为，大萧条原本只是经济周期中的一个波谷，美国很多经济周期中的波谷——比如1894年及1921年的经济萧条——都可以通过市场的调节能力自我修复，大 萧条之所以十多年阴魂不散，恰恰是因为政府在帮倒忙。Higgs认为，是1940年代中期以后新政激进措施的取消、政府预算的大幅度裁减，以及私人投资的 复兴带来了美国战后的黄金时代。反讽的是，1946年，罗斯福死后的第二年，美国的私人资本投资实现了18年来的第一次增长。

　　当然这些修正主义者不一定都对。一个显然的事实是，战后新政的很多成果得以保存，但经济仍然高速发展。这 说明罗斯福新政中至少有一些合理的成分，所以问题也许不在于判断罗斯福新政是对是错，而在于判断它的哪些政策有效，哪些无效。
　　其实罗斯福新政之所以成为神话，与其说是因为它经济上的成功，不如说是政治上的成功。再分配式的、保护主义的、
政府主导型的政策虽然经济上往往不大成功，但政治上却颇受欢迎：往往立竿见影，不但有一个清晰的行动主体，而且其政策往往指向一些集中的、直接的、阶层性 或行业性的受益者，这些受益者可以立刻成为这些政策的政治同盟军。相比之下，市场主导的自由经济中，不但行动主体分散，受益者也往往间接、分散、长期，因 此政治动力也弱。比如政府如果用10亿税收造一座桥，这座桥雄伟漂亮、看得见摸得着、一百年不倒，使用的人肯定会感谢政府，但如果这10亿元分散到 1000万人手中，每个人用100元买一双鞋，虽然穿鞋满足了消费者的身体需要而且推动了鞋业的就业率，但估计任何人也不会因为这双鞋感谢政府——这大约 是为什么政府总有扩张自身的内在冲动的原因。Hazlitt曾经说过：“一个好的经济学家和坏的经济学家区别在于，后者只看经济政策的局部效果和直接效 果，而前者则计算它的整体和长远效果。”今天，当我们面临经济危机回顾罗斯福新政时，尤其当金融危机已经大大强化了管制思维和左翼思潮时，也许应该重温这 句话。追寻历史的智慧，首先应从将神话还原成历史开始。(刘瑜)

Issue 50

自己写的第一篇GRE作文,欢迎大家提意见

According to the statement, any profession should reestablish its leadership to seek success. However, from my perspective, the lecturer's statement may lead the profession into a failure.

New leadership for a company may bring creation and inspiration to the company. The new leadership of the company may make them manage to accomplish their own ideas. Also, these executives would also bring the lea new perspectives to handle problems. I would cite the example of the president of the United States. As we know, every US president could not take the position for more than 8 years except during war time. Every president would bring the country their dreams. When Franklin Roosevelt became president in 1930, he convinced the Congress to allow the New Deal to lead the people out of the Depression. Despite some economists' argument on the project, the New Deal inspired people's hope for the new life and new country. When JFK became US president in 1960, he launched the Apollo project which makes human beings firstly step on the moon. In conclusion, the new leadership would bring new ideas and inspiration of the professions.

Although the change in leadership would bring new views to the profession, the change in leadership would also bring something uncertainty. When new leaders are in power, the company's old policy may change as well. People always expect the new leaders could bring something new. This expectation may make the leaders remove the superior part of the old plans as well as they eliminate the inferior part. To promote the stability of the country and the enterprise, the leadership may sometimes remain unchanged. The stability is essential to ensure the consistence of the policy of the country or the enterprise. We could imagine what would happen if the new ideas of Roosevelt and Kennedy suspend due to the change in the leadership of the country. To ensure the stability of the country, the Supreme Court and the Constitution plays a significant role. As the Justice of the Supreme Court remains all life long, the opinion of the court is hardly change over years. Almost every opinion of the Court helps to improve the stability of the country. The enterprises also need stability to carry on their plans. Even if the profits dropped, the changed in CEOs in big enterprise is hardly happen in contemporary society. For instance, Bill Gates has been the CEO of Microsoft until his retirement, Gerstner has been the CEO of IBM from 1993 to 2002 his retirement and Gordon Moore has been the CEO and chairman of the board of Intel since 1975.

Almost all the corporations need the stability to ensure to execute the leader's idea.

Finally, the lecturer's statement has a logical flaw. His conclusion that the new leadership should replace the previous every 5 years does not distinguish the different situations of the corporation or the country. If a leader make the contradiction of the society are intensified and the civil war could start any time because the society is lack of justice under his rule. The leader should change immediately even if his has 5 years to be replaced. The constitution gives rights to people power to turn over the evil government. Proper limitation of the president time of a country is mainly not only for the change of the new leadership to bring new ideas, but also for preventing the totalitarian of the country.

In conclusion, the lecturer's proposal is partly right as the change of the society, however, the lecturer's proposal should depend on the different situation of the profession.

Civilization IV technology quotes(转载)

原文地址：http://crwld.org/main/2008/06/29/civilization-iv-technology-quotes/


Hunting
Ancient Era
“If you chase two rabbits, you will lose them both.”
- Native American saying
Fishing
Ancient Era
“Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.”
- Lao Tzu
Agriculture
Ancient Era
“Oh farmers, pray that your summers be wet and your winters clear.”
- Virgil
Mining
Ancient Era
“The man who moves a mountain begins by carrying away small stones.”
- Confucius
The Wheel
Ancient Era
“Put your shoulder to the wheel.”
- Aesop
Mysticism
Ancient Era
“Nature herself has imprinted on the minds of all the idea of God.”
- Cicero
Pottery
Ancient Era
“Hath not the potter power over the clay, to make one vessel unto honor, and another unto dishonor?”
- The Bible, Romans
Archery
Ancient Era
“Do not throw the arrow which will return against you.”
- Kurdish Proverb
Masonry
Ancient Era
“It is from their foes, not their friends, that cities learn the lesson of building high walls.”
- Aristophanes
Polytheism
Ancient Era
“Not at all similar are the race of the immortal gods and the race of men who walk upon the earth.”
- Homer
Sailing
Ancient Era
“You can’t direct the wind, but you can adjust your sails.”
- Unknown
Meditation
Ancient Era
“Meditation brings wisdom; lack of meditation leaves ignorance. Know well what leads you forward and what holds you back.”
- The Buddha
Bronze Working
Ancient Era
“It is entirely seemly for a young man killed in battle to lie mangled by the bronze spear. In his death all things appear fair.”
- Homer
Animal Husbandry
Ancient Era
“Blessed be the fruit of thy cattle, the increase of thy kine, and the flocks of thy sheep.”
- The Bible, Deut. 28:4
Writing
Ancient Era
“True glory consists in doing what deserves to be written; in writing what deserves to be read.”
- Pliny the Elder
Priesthood
Ancient Era
“The Lord bless you and keep you; the Lord make His face to shine upon you and be gracious to you; the Lord lift up His countenance upon you and give you peace.”
- The Bible, Numbers
Horseback Riding
Ancient Era
“If you speak the truth, have a foot in the stirrup.”
- Turkish Proverb
Monotheism
Ancient Era
“I am the Lord thy God. Thou shalt have no other gods before Me.”
- The Bible, Exodus
Iron Working
Classical Era
“You should hammer your iron when it is glowing hot.”
- Publius Syrus
Metal Casting
Classical Era
“And them that take the sword shall perish by the sword.”
- The Bible, Matthew
Monarchy
Classical Era
“A multitude of rulers is not a good thing. Let there be one ruler, one king.”
- Herodotus
Alphabet
Classical Era
“Words have the power to both destroy and heal. When words are both true and kind, they can change our world.”
- The Buddha
Literature
Classical Era
“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some to be chewed and digested.”
- Sir Francis Bacon
Drama
Classical Era
“All the world’s a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts.”
- William Shakespeare
Mathematics
Classical Era
“If in other sciences we should arrive at certainty without doubt and truth without error, it behooves us to place the foundations of knowledge in mathematics.”
- Roger Bacon
Compass
Classical Era
“The wisest men follow their own direction.”
- Euripides
Construction
Classical Era
“And on the pedestal these words appear: ‘My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!’ Nothing beside remains.”
- Percy Bysshe Shelley
Code of Laws
Classical Era
“To bring about the rule of righteousness in the land, so that the strong should not harm the weak.”
- Hammurabi’s Code; Prologue
Currency
Classical Era
“Everything is worth what its purchaser will pay for it.”
- Publius Syrius
Calendar
Classical Era
“For everything there is a season and a time for every purpose under heaven.”
- Ecclesiastes
Philosophy
Medieval Era
“I have gained this by philosophy: that I do without being commanded what others do only from fear of the law.”
- Aristotle
Machinery
Medieval Era
“A God from the machine.”
- Menander
Theology
Medieval Era
“Two cities have been formed by two loves: the earthly by the love of self; the heavenly by the love of God.”
- St. Augustine
Feudalism
Medieval Era
“I will to my Lord be true and faithful, and love all which He loves and shun all which He shuns.”
- Anglo Saxon oath of Fealty
Civil Service
Medieval Era
“The bureaucracy is expanding to meet the needs of the expanding bureaucracy.”
- Unknown
Music
Medieval Era
“If music be the food of love, play on.”
- William Shakespeare
Paper
Medieval Era
“I cannot live without books.”
- Thomas Jefferson
Optics
Medieval Era
“One doesn’t discover new lands without losing sight of the shore.”
- Andre Gide
Engineering
Medieval Era
“A designer knows he has achieved perfection not when there is nothing left to add, but when there is nothing left to take away.”
- Antoine de Saint-Exupry
Divine Right
Medieval Era
“I am the state.”
- Louis XIV
Guilds
Medieval Era
“People of the same trade seldom meet together, even for merriment and diversion, but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public.”
- Adam Smith
Banking
Medieval Era
“Banking establishments are more dangerous than standing armies.”
- Thomas Jefferson
Printing Press
Renaissance Era
“What gunpowder did for war, the printing press has done for the mind.”
- Wendell Phillips
Education
Renaissance Era
“There is no wealth like knowledge, no poverty like ignorance.”
- Ali ibn Abi-Talib
Gunpowder
Renaissance Era
“You can get more of what you want with a kind word and a gun than you can with just a kind word.”
- Al Capone
Liberalism
Renaissance Era
“Any society that would give up a little liberty to gain a little security will deserve neither and lose both.”
- Benjamin Franklin
Nationalism
Renaissance Era
“A man does not have himself killed for a half-pence a day or for a petty distinction. You must speak to the soul in order to electrify him.”
- Napoleon Bonaparte
Military Tradition
Renaissance Era
“Victorious warriors win first and then go to war, while defeated warriors go to war first and then seek to win.”
- Sun-Tzu
Astronomy
Renaissance Era
“Astronomy compels the soul to look upwards and leads us from this world to another.”
- Plato
Constitution
Renaissance Era
“No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned, or in any other way destroyed, except by the lawful judgment of his peers.”
- The Magna Carta
Democracy
Renaissance Era
“It has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all the others that have been tried.”
- Winston Churchill
Economics
Renaissance Era
“Compound interest is the most powerful force in the universe.”
- Albert Einstein
Chemistry
Renaissance Era
“Chemistry means the difference between poverty and starvation and the abundant life.”
- Robert Brent
Replaceable Parts
Renaissance Era
“The whole is more than the sum of its parts.”
- Aristotle
Rifling
Renaissance Era
“Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.”
- Mao Zedong
Corporation
Renaissance Era
“Corporation, n. An ingenious device for obtaining individual profit without individual responsibility.”
- Ambrose Bierce
Steel
Industrial Era
“Before that steam drill shall beat me down, I’ll die with my hammer in my hand.”
- from “John Henry, the Steel-Driving Man”
Scientific Method
Industrial Era
“I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use.”
- Galileo Galilei
Communism
Industrial Era
“When I give food to the poor, they call me a saint. When I ask why the poor have no food, they call me a communist.”
- Dom Helder Camara
Steam Power
Industrial Era
“You would make a ship sail against the winds and currents by lighting a bon-fire under her deck? I have no time for such nonsense.”
- Napoleon, on Robert Fulton’s Steamship
Assembly Line
Industrial Era
“People can have the Model T in any color – so long as it’s black.”
- Henry Ford
Fascism
Industrial Era
“The great masses of the people… will more easily fall victims to a big lie than to a small one.”
- Adolf Hitler
Physics
Industrial Era
“To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction.”
- Isaac Newton
Artillery
Industrial Era
“Artillery adds dignity to what would otherwise be a vulgar brawl.”
- Frederick the Great
Biology
Industrial Era
“It is not the strongest of the species that survive, but the one most responsive to change.”
- Charles Darwin
Medicine
Industrial Era
“As to diseases make a habit of two things – to help, or at least, to do no harm.”
- Hippocrates
Railroad
Industrial Era
“I fooled you, I fooled you, I got pig iron, I got pig iron, I got all pig iron.”
- Lonnie Donegan, “Rock Island Line”
Combustion
Industrial Era
“Everything in life is somewhere else, and you get there in car.”
- E.B. White
Electricity
Industrial Era
“We will make electricity so cheap that only the rich will burn candles.”
- Thomas Edison
Fission
Industrial Era
“If the radiance of a thousand suns were to burst at once into the sky, that would be like the splendor of the Mighty One… I am become Death, the Shatterer of Worlds.”
- J. Robert Oppenheimer, quoting “The Bhagavad Gita”
Industrialism
Industrial Era
“There is one rule for the industrialist and that is: Make the best quality of goods possible at the lowest cost possible, paying the highest wage possible.”
- Henry Ford
Flight
Modern Era
“For once you have tasted flight you will walk the earth with your eyes turned skywards, for there you have been and there you will long to return.”
- Leonardo Da Vinci
Refrigeration
Modern Era
“Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.”
- Anthelme Brillat-Savarin
Radio
Modern Era
“Then one fine mornin’ she puts on a New York station. You know her life was saved by Rock ‘n’ Roll.”
- The Velvet Underground, “Rock And Roll”
Mass Media
Modern Era
“The only thing worse than being talked about is not being talked about.”
- Oscar Wilde
Rocketry
Modern Era
“The Earth is the cradle of the mind, but one cannot eternally live in a cradle.”
- Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky
Plastics
Modern Era
“I just want to say one word to you. Just one word: plastics.”
- Calder Willingham, The Graduate
Ecology
Modern Era
“We do not inherit the earth from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children.”
- Native American Song
Computers
Modern Era
“Never trust a computer you can’t throw out a window.”
- Steve Wozniak
Genetics
Modern Era
“Soon it will be a sin for parents to have a child which carries the heavy burden of genetic disease.”
- Bob Edwards
Satellites
Modern Era
“Beep… beep… beep… beep…”
- Sputnik I
Composites
Modern Era
“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.”
- Aristotle
Robotics
Modern Era
“The real problem is not whether machines think, but whether men do.”
- B.F. Skinner
Fiber Optics
Modern Era
“There is a single light of science and to brighten it anywhere is to brighten it everywhere.”
- Isaac Asimov
Fusion
Modern Era
“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.”
- Arthur C. Clarke
Future Technology
Modern Era
“The future will be better tomorrow.”
- Dan Quayle

My name is Ozymandias, king of kings

今天坐在公交车上莫名其妙的想起了这句话,初识这句话是从文明4中知道的,出了construction之后,原文是

“And on the pedestal these words appear: ‘My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!’ Nothing beside remains.”
- Percy Bysshe Shelley
后来又在The Time And The City这部电影中看到了这句话,今天又猛然间想起,不知道为什么.

娱乐至死

有人说现在的中国社会像是奥维尔所描述的1984，我觉得则不然，更像赫胥黎描述的美丽新世界，对于娱乐的需求都能得到满足，但是在社会中却缺少真正去独立思考的人，政府打压那些敢于独立思考的人们。
看看春晚，代表着娱乐的赵本山、小沈阳红遍大江南北，而以前在小品中揭示社会问题的演员们只能在各个地方台表演。社会对娱乐的需求缺少导向，现在已经沦为为娱乐而娱乐，娱乐更多的是一种消磨时间的途径，真正的严肃地作品却往往没有市场。
娱乐至死。

关于博客的名字

bnw取自赫胥黎的名著美丽新世界（Brave New World），zy是我名字的缩写，大家自己猜吧